| Title | Single-cell multi-ome and immune profiles of the Inspiration4 crew reveal conserved, cell-type, and sex-specific responses to spaceflight. |
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 2024 |
| Authors | Kim JK, Tierney BT, Overbey EG, Dantas E, Fuentealba M, Park J, S Narayanan A, Wu F, Najjar D, Chin CR, Meydan C, Loy C, Mathyk B, Klotz R, Ortiz V, Nguyen K, Ryon KA, Damle N, Houerbi N, Patras LI, Schanzer N, Hutchinson GA, Foox J, Bhattacharya C, MacKay M, Afshin EE, Hirschberg JWain, Kleinman AS, Schmidt JC, Schmidt CM, Schmidt MA, Beheshti A, Matei I, Lyden D, Mullane S, Asadi A, Lenz JS, Mzava O, Yu M, Ganesan S, De Vlaminck I, Melnick AM, Barisic D, Winer DA, Zwart SR, Crucian BE, Smith SM, Mateus J, Furman D, Mason CE |
| Journal | Nat Commun |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pagination | 4954 |
| Date Published | 2024 Jun 11 |
| ISSN | 2041-1723 |
| Keywords | Animals, Astronauts, Cytokines, Female, Gene Expression Profiling, Humans, Male, Mice, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Sex Factors, Single-Cell Analysis, Space Flight, T-Lymphocytes, Transcriptome |
| Abstract | Spaceflight induces an immune response in astronauts. To better characterize this effect, we generated single-cell, multi-ome, cell-free RNA (cfRNA), biochemical, and hematology data for the SpaceX Inspiration4 (I4) mission crew. We found that 18 cytokines/chemokines related to inflammation, aging, and muscle homeostasis changed after spaceflight. In I4 single-cell multi-omics data, we identified a "spaceflight signature" of gene expression characterized by enrichment in oxidative phosphorylation, UV response, immune function, and TCF21 pathways. We confirmed the presence of this signature in independent datasets, including the NASA Twins Study, the I4 skin spatial transcriptomics, and 817 NASA GeneLab mouse transcriptomes. Finally, we observed that (1) T cells showed an up-regulation of FOXP3, (2) MHC class I genes exhibited long-term suppression, and (3) infection-related immune pathways were associated with microbiome shifts. In summary, this study reveals conserved and distinct immune disruptions occurring and details a roadmap for potential countermeasures to preserve astronaut health. |
| DOI | 10.1038/s41467-024-49211-2 |
| Custom 1 | |
| Alternate Journal | Nat Commun |
| PubMed ID | 38862516 |
| PubMed Central ID | PMC11166952 |
| Grant List | R01 CA249054 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States 80NSSC22K0254 / / NASA | Johnson Space Center (JSC) / R01 AI151059 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States NNH18ZTT001N-FG2 / / NASA | Johnson Space Center (JSC) / P01 CA214274 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States NNX17AB26G / / NASA | Johnson Space Center (JSC) / R35 CA220499 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States R01 MH117406 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States |