Title | Mutations in SMG9, Encoding an Essential Component of Nonsense-Mediated Decay Machinery, Cause a Multiple Congenital Anomaly Syndrome in Humans and Mice. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2016 |
Authors | Shaheen R, Anazi S, Ben-Omran T, Seidahmed MZain, L Caddle B, Palmer K, Ali R, Alshidi T, Hagos S, Goodwin L, Hashem M, Wakil SM, Abouelhoda M, Colak D, Murray SA, Alkuraya FS |
Journal | Am J Hum Genet |
Volume | 98 |
Issue | 4 |
Pagination | 643-52 |
Date Published | 2016 Apr 07 |
ISSN | 1537-6605 |
Keywords | Abnormalities, Multiple, Adult, Alleles, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Case-Control Studies, Child, Child, Preschool, Codon, Nonsense, Female, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Male, Mice, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Nonsense Mediated mRNA Decay, Pedigree, Phosphoproteins, Phosphorylation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, RNA, Messenger, Saudi Arabia |
Abstract | Nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) is an important process that is best known for degrading transcripts that contain premature stop codons (PTCs) to mitigate their potentially harmful consequences, although its regulatory role encompasses other classes of transcripts as well. Despite the critical role of NMD at the cellular level, our knowledge about the consequences of deficiency of its components at the organismal level is largely limited to model organisms. In this study, we report two consanguineous families in which a similar pattern of congenital anomalies was found to be most likely caused by homozygous loss-of-function mutations in SMG9, encoding an essential component of the SURF complex that generates phospho-UPF1, the single most important step in NMD. By knocking out Smg9 in mice via CRISPR/Cas9, we were able to recapitulate the major features of the SMG9-related multiple congenital anomaly syndrome we observed in humans. Surprisingly, human cells devoid of SMG9 do not appear to have reduction of PTC-containing transcripts but do display global transcriptional dysregulation. We conclude that SMG9 is required for normal human and murine development, most likely through a transcriptional regulatory role, the precise nature of which remains to be determined. |
DOI | 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.02.010 |
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Alternate Journal | Am. J. Hum. Genet. |
PubMed ID | 27018474 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC4833216 |
Grant List | P30 CA034196 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States U42 OD011185 / OD / NIH HHS / United States OD011185 / OD / NIH HHS / United States |